About Telegram, can phone numbers be imported to collect information?

I once talked with a researcher from a certain ministry (only one ministry would do this), and they have been conducting a certain operation within their system: importing the phone numbers and then directly capturing the verification codes from the carriers, which allows them to access the Telegram account associated with that phone number to collect information. Of course, the prerequisite is that if you are using a domestic phone number and you are targeted for some reason, ordinary people usually do not receive this treatment.