I. Introduction

The Web3 track is in a phase of rapid development, with continuous changes in technology innovation, business model evolution, and market demand across different tracks. Over the past few years, we have witnessed intense competition among Layer 1 (L1) public chains, the expansion of the Ethereum Layer 2 (L2) ecosystem, the rise of the Bitcoin Layer 2 narrative, and the emergence of new directions such as Application Chains (AppChain) and Chain Abstraction. At the same time, innovations in on-chain applications such as DeFi, NFT, RWA (Real World Asset Tokenization), Depin (Decentralized Physical Infrastructure) PayFI, and more are emerging endlessly.

In this context, the job opportunities in the Web3 field are also showing significant changes. This article will analyze the employment directions and market demands in the Web3 industry in detail, focusing on public chain infrastructure, wallets, on-chain applications, Data Availability (DA) track, and non-development positions.

II. Public Chain Module Track Employment Analysis

1. L1 Track

The L1 track was once the hottest track, but its growth has now slowed. Current L1 projects that attract developers mainly include parallel EVM and EVM-compatible innovative solutions; exploration of high-performance L1s. Typically, employment in the L1 track requires:

Core development languages: Go, Rust, Move, Solidity, etc.

Consensus algorithms: PoS, PoW, DAG, BFT, POH, POX, etc.

Virtual machine optimization: EVM, WASM

Economic model design: Token issuance, incentive mechanisms

Opportunities in the L1 track are still mainly concentrated on emerging high-performance chains (such as Solana, Sui, Ton, Aptos) and underlying optimizations of existing public chains (EVM chains).

2. L2 Track

The L2 track has exploded in 2023-2024, becoming one of the technology fields with the most job opportunities, especially the Ethereum L2 ecosystem and the Bitcoin L2 ecosystem.

2.1. Ethereum Layer2

The Ethereum L2 track is mainly dominated by Rollup, with the technology stack mainly based on Optimistic Rollup and ZK-Rollup. Current mainstream solutions include:

OpStack: Optimism ecosystem

Polygon CDK: Polygon ecosystem

Arbitrum Orbit: Arbitrum ecosystem

SkSync SuperChain: ZkStack technology solution

Job opportunities in these projects mainly include:

Smart contract development: Solidity, Cairo, Rust, etc.

Rollup development: Transaction data and proof rollup systems, ZK proof systems, fraud proof systems

On-chain data analysis: Contract event listening, on-chain data processing, browser development

Decentralized sequencer: Development of de-sequencers

Rapid verification networks: Rapid verification networks can enable fast withdrawals at Layer 1, and quick Finalized of Layer 2 blocks

2.2. Bitcoin Layer2

The Bitcoin ecosystem has grown rapidly in recent years, and the L2 track has also begun to rise, such as:

CKB Nervos: RGB/RGB++ protocol's Layer2

OpStack: Bitcoin Layer2 based on OpStack

BitVM: BitVM Bitcoin Layer2 solution

BitLayer: Bitcoin Layer2 implemented based on BitVM

Stacks: The world's largest Bitcoin sidechain (Layer2) project

Bitcoin L2 mainly focuses on Bitcoin smart contract implementation, scalability, and cross-chain interaction, requiring a high understanding of Rust and the UTXO system.

In addition, the BTCFI (Bitcoin Financialization) track has also gradually formed, with directions like Babylon representing BTC staking attracting many developers.

2.3. Solana Layer2

The Solana ecosystem has also begun to explore L2 solutions, such as Sonic. Compared to Ethereum L2, Solana L2 requires stronger Rust development capabilities, suitable for developers interested in the Solana ecosystem.

2.4. Comprehensive L2 Track

Layer2 compatible with Ethereum and Solana

Layer2 compatible with Bitcoin and Ethereum

Application chain track (UniChain, DodoChain, DydxChain)

This part of the track mainly targets specific Dapp needs, with the technology stack mainly relying on underlying public chain technology stacks such as Cosmos SDK, OpStack, etc.

3. L3 Track

The growth of the L3 track has clearly slowed down, with many L3 projects facing issues related to user migration, transaction fees, and security. Currently, market interest in the L3 direction has decreased, and job opportunities are relatively few.

4. Chain Abstraction Track

Chain abstraction is a hot concept in Web3 after 2024, mainly including:

RollUp abstraction: AltLayer, DappLink

Rapid verification networks: Manta, Bybalon, and DappLink

Cross-chain abstraction: Op superchain and DappLink

Opportunities in this field are mainly concentrated on:

Modularization of chains

Inter-chain message passing

Smart contract automation

ZK proof optimization

Improvement of chain performance

5. Other Hot Infrastructure

Restaking

Bitcoin Staking

Interoperability

These directions mainly provide services for infrastructure projects, involving consensus mechanisms, verification networks, liquidity staking, and other technologies.

III. Wallet Track

Wallets are an important entry point to the Web3 ecosystem, currently mainly divided into centralized exchange wallets, decentralized wallets, and hardware wallets.

1. Exchange Wallets

Legacy exchange wallets: Responsible for functions such as deposits, withdrawals, aggregation, cold to hot transfers, etc.

MPC custody wallets: Fireblocks, Zengo

Multi-signature wallets: Gnosis Safe

Exchange Web3 wallets: Binance Web3 Wallet

Exchange wallets mainly target corporate users, with job opportunities mainly concentrated in MPC development, key management, and account abstraction.

2. Decentralized Wallets

MetaMask

Rabby Wallet

OKX Wallet

ParaPack

ImToken

TokenPocket

These wallets focus more on optimizing the Web3 user experience, Gas payment on behalf, and social recovery, suitable for front-end engineers and UX designers.

2.3 Hardware Wallets

Ledger

Trezor

OneKey

Suitable for developers interested in embedded development and HSM security.

IV. On-Chain Application Track

Innovation in the Web3 application layer continues, mainly including:

DeFi: Decentralized Finance

GameFi / SocialFi

NFT and RWA

Depin (Decentralized Physical Infrastructure)

AI Agent

DeSci (Decentralized Science)

Full-chain staking

PayFI

Developers mainly need skills related to smart contract development (Solidity, Move, Rust) and Token economic design.

V. DA (Data Availability) Track

Data Availability (DA) is one of the most important infrastructures in Web3 by 2024, involving Layer 1, Layer 2, and Rollup solutions.

4.1 Main DA Solutions

Bitcoin DA: such as Nubit

Ethereum DA: such as EIP-4844, EigenDA

Cosmos DA: such as Celestia

Other DA solutions: such as MantleDA, NearDA, Anyturst

Job opportunities are mainly concentrated in data storage, ZK proof, and consensus optimization.

VI. Non-Development Positions

The non-development positions in the Web3 industry are similar to those in Web2, mainly including:

Market operations

Community management

Growth hacking

Legal compliance

Investment analysis

Product management

Conclusion

However, the uniqueness of Web3 lies in the need for an understanding of on-chain data analysis, Token economic models, and Web3 user behavior.

The Web3 track is in a phase of rapid development, with job opportunities mainly concentrated in five major directions: public chain infrastructure, wallets, on-chain applications, Data Availability (DA), and non-development positions.

In terms of public chain infrastructure, the L2 track is growing the fastest, with Ethereum L2 and Bitcoin L2 attracting a large number of developers, while the growth of the L1 track has slowed, with opportunities still available in high-performance chains and parallel EVMs. Chain abstraction and cross-chain interoperability have also become hot areas, but the L3 track is relatively cold.

The wallet track remains a necessity, with exchange wallets (MPC custody, multi-signature), decentralized wallets (MetaMask, Rabby), and hardware wallets (Ledger, Trezor) each having their own characteristics, especially MPC and smart contract wallet directions with many job opportunities.

In terms of on-chain applications, DeFi, NFT, RWA, Depin, and AI-related Web3 applications continue to innovate, with a high demand for skills in smart contract development and Token economic design.

Data Availability (DA) has become one of the core infrastructures of Web3, with Bitcoin DA, Ethereum DA (EIP-4844, EigenDA), Cosmos DA (Celestia), and other solutions driving industry progress, with developer opportunities concentrated in data storage, ZK proof, and consensus optimization.

Non-development positions mainly include market operations, community management, BD, product management, etc., similar to Web2, but the Web3 field requires a higher understanding of on-chain data analysis and Token economic models.

Overall, Web3 is still in an early stage of development, with a strong demand for technical talent in public chain infrastructure, wallets, DA, and on-chain applications. Developers with solid technical foundations are more likely to secure quality positions. For non-developers, understanding the Web3 ecosystem, market trends, and on-chain data analysis capabilities will become core competencies.